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How to Plant and Cultivate Calla Lilies for Striking Blooms Indoors or Outdoors

With their elegant, goblet-shaped blossoms, calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) add a refined touch to gardens and indoor displays alike. Outdoors, they behave as tender perennials, flourishing in garden beds, borders, and containers, and typically reaching between 1 and 3 feet in height. Indoors, they perform best in areas with bright, indirect sunlight. Their flowers range from pure white to shades of pink, yellow, orange, rose, and deep maroon, and some varieties feature charming white speckles on their foliage. Below is a complete guide to cultivating and caring for calla lilies both inside and out.

Charlotte Foster

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How to Plant and Cultivate Calla Lilies for Striking Blooms Indoors or Outdoors

With their elegant, goblet-shaped blossoms, calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) add a refined touch to gardens and indoor displays alike. Outdoors, they behave as tender perennials, flourishing in garden beds, borders, and containers, and typically reaching between 1 and 3 feet in height. Indoors, they perform best in areas with bright, indirect sunlight. Their flowers range from pure white to shades of pink, yellow, orange, rose, and deep maroon, and some varieties feature charming white speckles on their foliage. Below is a complete guide to cultivating and caring for calla lilies both inside and out.

Best Planting Locations

Originating from South Africa, calla lilies are tender perennials, meaning they cannot withstand frost. They are reliably hardy only in USDA Zones 8–10. In regions without frost, be aware that they may be considered invasive, particularly in parts of California, so choose outdoor planting sites carefully.

Planting Time and Method

Set out calla lilies in spring once all danger of frost has passed or when soil temperatures have reached at least 65°F. Choose a site in full sun or partial shade. Place the rhizomes with the growing tips facing upward, burying them 4 inches deep and spacing them 12 inches apart from center to center. Water thoroughly after planting.

These plants grow quickly, with shoots emerging roughly two weeks after planting. Depending on the variety, flowers appear in 13 to 16 weeks. To enjoy a long-lasting floral display, combine early-, mid-, and late-blooming varieties. Regularly remove spent blooms to keep the plant tidy and promote additional flowering.

Calla lilies develop from rhizomes that resemble bulbs. Larger, firmer rhizomes produce more robust plants with abundant blooms, while smaller rhizomes still flower but with less vigor. Allow plants to enter dormancy once they have finished flowering. In cold climates, dig up the rhizomes for winter storage.

General Care Guidelines

Light

Outdoors, calla lilies prefer sites with full sun to partial shade. Indoors, place them near a bright window where they can receive at least six hours of filtered sunlight each day.

Soil and Water

Calla lilies thrive in evenly moist, well-draining soil; overly wet conditions can cause rhizome rot. Improve planting beds with compost or other organic matter before planting. Keep soil consistently moist during active growth and avoid allowing it to dry out. In the garden, mulch around the plants to conserve moisture and reduce weeds.

Fertilizer

When grown in nutrient-rich soil, extra feeding is often unnecessary. If plants need a boost, apply a balanced liquid fertilizer every two weeks during the bloom period, following the package instructions.

Growing in Containers

Calla lilies adapt well to pots for use as houseplants or patio displays. To plant in containers:

1.Fill a pot with fresh, well-draining potting mix. Position rhizomes with their tips pointing up, spacing them about 4 inches apart.

2.Water lightly until leaves emerge, then increase watering to maintain consistent moisture.

3.Keep pots in bright, indirect light, such as near a sunny window.

4.Feed monthly with liquid fertilizer as directed on the label.

In colder climates, bring pots indoors before frost unless you live in Zones 8–10. Continue growing them in a sunny window or store the dormant rhizomes indoors until spring. Potted plants sold for holidays like Easter don’t need to be discarded after blooming—simply let them rest in a cool, dark place without water for a couple of months, then return them to the light and resume watering to encourage new growth and flowering.

Pest Management

Because they enjoy moist conditions, calla lilies may attract pests such as aphids, spider mites, mealybugs, scale insects, and Japanese beetles. Most of these are easily detected and can be removed by hand, washed off with a strong spray of water, or controlled with natural predators like beneficial insects and birds.

Propagation

Calla lilies can be propagated through rhizome division:

1.Use clean, sharp shears to separate a rhizome from the main root clump.

2.Allow the cut section to dry and heal for about a week.

3.Plant the cured rhizome a few inches deep in well-draining soil.

4.Place it in bright, indirect light and water moderately.

Overwintering Outdoor Plants

In mild climates, calla lilies can remain in the ground year-round. In colder zones, cut foliage back to one or two inches above the rhizome before the first frost. Lift the rhizomes and let them cure in a warm, dry location (65–75°F) for three days. Store them in a box of slightly damp peat moss or sawdust in a cool, dark place (50–60°F). Check periodically to prevent excessive dryness or moisture, which can lead to rot.

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